{"id":1161,"date":"2025-12-08T15:53:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T13:53:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/?page_id=1161"},"modified":"2026-03-06T13:03:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T11:03:50","slug":"chest-wall-surgery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/","title":{"rendered":"Chest Wall Surgery"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1294167742\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n  <div id=\"page-header-1170936934\" class=\"page-header-wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"page-title dark simple-title\">\n\n    \n    <div class=\"page-title-inner container align-center text-center flex-row-col medium-flex-wrap\" >\n              <div class=\"title-wrapper is-larger flex-col\">\n          <h1 class=\"entry-title mb-0\">\n            Chest Wall Surgery          <\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"title-content flex-col\">\n        <div class=\"title-breadcrumbs pb-half pt-half\"><\/div>      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n       <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  \n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1294167742 {\n  padding-top: 15px;\n  padding-bottom: 15px;\n  background-color: #3c338e;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_739138924\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-660013623\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-745272163\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<p>Chest wall surgery includes the surgical treatment of congenital, traumatic, infectious, or tumor-related pathologies developing in the structures of the chest cage. Ribs, sternum, pleura, and soft tissues are evaluated within this scope. Interventions are performed for both functional and aesthetic purposes.<\/p>\n<p>The question of how chest wall tumors are treated is one of the most common indications for this surgery. In both benign and malignant masses, resection and, if necessary, reconstruction are applied according to the spread of the tumor. Every lesion suspected of malignancy is examined carefully.<\/p>\n<p>Post-traumatic chest wall surgery becomes important in cases of fractures and instability. Especially in conditions such as flail chest (segmental fracture), respiratory support is provided with surgical fixation. This method shortens the healing period and reduces the risk of complications.<\/p>\n<p>The question of how chest wall deformities are corrected includes the treatment of deformities such as funnel chest and pigeon chest. In such deformities, minimally invasive (Nuss) or open (Ravitch) surgical techniques are used. After surgery, aesthetic appearance and respiratory functions improve.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Things You Need to Know<\/td>\n<td>Information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Definition<\/td>\n<td>Chest wall surgery is the surgical treatment of congenital, traumatic, infectious, or tumoral pathologies in the chest wall involving the ribs, sternum (breastbone), muscles, and soft tissues.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Indications<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Chest wall tumors (primary or metastatic)- Trauma (rib fractures, flail chest)- Infection (empyema, osteomyelitis)- Chest wall deformities (pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum)- Hernias developing after surgery- Radiation necrosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Surgical Techniques Used<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Open surgery (with thoracotomy)- Minimally invasive techniques (VATS, robotic surgery)- Use of biological or synthetic materials for reconstruction (mesh, titanium bar, plate)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chest Wall Tumors<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Benign: Osteochondroma, lipoma, fibroma, etc.- Malignant: Chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, metastases- Complete surgical resection and reconstruction are targeted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Deformity Surgery<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Pectus excavatum: Nuss or Ravitch procedure- Pectus carinatum: Surgical or orthotic treatment (brace)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Surgery for Traumatic Lesions<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Surgical stabilization (plate\/screw systems) in flail chest (segmental rib fractures)- Chest wall reconstruction may be required<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Infectious Pathologies<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Debridement of infected tissues in the presence of empyema or chronic infection- Sternum or rib resection in cases of osteomyelitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Reconstruction Methods<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Synthetic materials: Polypropylene mesh, polyethylene, titanium bars- Biological materials: Soft tissue repair with muscle flaps (latissimus dorsi, pectoral muscle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Anesthesia and Preparation<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Performed under general anesthesia- Localization and spread of the lesion are evaluated with CT before surgery- If necessary, 3D planning and prosthesis design can be applied<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Complications<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Infection- Bleeding- Wound dehiscence- Chest wall instability- Decrease in respiratory functions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Postoperative Follow-up<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; Respiratory physiotherapy- Pain control- Ventilator support if necessary- Long-term stability and function follow-up in patients who undergo reconstruction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Prognosis<\/td>\n<td>&#8211; The aim of surgery is to provide both functional and aesthetic correction- Early and complete resection in primary malignant tumors increases the chance of long-term survival- Quality of life can be significantly improved with reconstruction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-745272163 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -40px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_739138924 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n  padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_2033210012\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-2029106738\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1106709606\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\" style=\"background-color:#3c338e;\" >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1864581679\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-298044386\" class=\"col medium-4 small-12 large-4\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner dark\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1288042126\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"525\" height=\"776\" src=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/hakkimdagorsel.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/hakkimdagorsel.webp 525w, https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/hakkimdagorsel-271x400.webp 271w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1288042126 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-298044386 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -20px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1126125958\" class=\"col medium-8 small-12 large-8\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner dark\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-2826302470\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<div>Prof. Dr. <strong>Alper F\u0131nd\u0131k\u00e7\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-2826302470 {\n  font-size: 2rem;\n}\n@media (min-width:550px) {\n  #text-2826302470 {\n    font-size: 2.25rem;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"gap-2032392383\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-2032392383 {\n  padding-top: 20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<p>I was born in Istanbul in 1973. I completed my primary education at Erzincan \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Primary School and my secondary and high school education at Erzurum Anatolian High School. I completed my university education at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine between 1992\u20131998. Afterwards, I completed my specialization between 1998\u20132003 at the Istanbul Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic. I worked as a specialist at the same hospital for 1 year.<\/p>\n<p>Between 2004\u20132005, I fulfilled my military service at G\u00fclhane Military Medical Academy. In 2005, I started working as a lecturer at Ba\u015fkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery. I became an associate professor in 2014 and a professor in 2022.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I started working at Ac\u0131badem Hospital in 2024.<\/strong><\/p>\n<a href=\"\/en\/about-me\/\" class=\"button white is-outline\" style=\"border-radius:99px;\">\n\t\t<span>About Me<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send\/?phone=905457705745\" class=\"button success\" style=\"border-radius:99px;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t<span>WhatsApp<\/span>\n\t<i class=\"icon-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a>\n\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1126125958 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -20px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1106709606 > .col-inner {\n  padding: 30px 20px 0px 20px;\n  margin: 0px 0px -30px 0px;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n}\n@media (min-width:550px) {\n  #col-1106709606 > .col-inner {\n    padding: 30px 30px 0px 30px;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_2033210012 {\n  padding-top: 0px;\n  padding-bottom: 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1649638221\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-462444678\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1194578024\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#What_Is_Chest_Wall_Surgery\" >What Is Chest Wall Surgery?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Which_Anatomical_Structures_Does_Chest_Wall_Surgery_Cover_and_Why_Is_It_Vital_for_the_Body\" >Which Anatomical Structures Does Chest Wall Surgery Cover and Why Is It Vital for the Body?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#How_Common_Are_Chest_Wall_Deformities_in_Society_and_in_Which_Age_Group_Are_They_Seen\" >How Common Are Chest Wall Deformities in Society and in Which Age Group Are They Seen?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Are_These_Deformities_Just_an_Aesthetic_Problem_or_Are_They_Associated_with_Systemic_Diseases\" >Are These Deformities Just an Aesthetic Problem or Are They Associated with Systemic Diseases?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#How_Is_Funnel_Chest_Pectus_Excavatum_Diagnosed_and_What_Are_the_Surgical_Indications\" >How Is Funnel Chest (Pectus Excavatum) Diagnosed and What Are the Surgical Indications?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Are_There_Non-Surgical_Treatment_Options_and_Who_Is_Vacuum_Therapy_Applied_To\" >Are There Non-Surgical Treatment Options and Who Is Vacuum Therapy Applied To?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#What_Are_the_Differences_Between_the_Nuss_Procedure_and_the_Ravitch_Technique_in_Surgical_Treatment\" >What Are the Differences Between the Nuss Procedure and the Ravitch Technique in Surgical Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Which_Treatment_Method_Comes_to_the_Fore_in_the_Management_of_Pigeon_Chest_Pectus_Carinatum\" >Which Treatment Method Comes to the Fore in the Management of Pigeon Chest (Pectus Carinatum)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Why_Do_Chest_Wall_Traumas_and_Flail_Chest_Carry_a_Vital_Risk\" >Why Do Chest Wall Traumas and Flail Chest Carry a Vital Risk?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#What_Has_Surgical_Stabilization_with_Titanium_Plates_Changed_in_Rib_Fractures\" >What Has Surgical Stabilization with Titanium Plates Changed in Rib Fractures?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#What_Are_the_Principles_of_Resection_and_Reconstruction_in_Chest_Wall_Tumors\" >What Are the Principles of Resection and Reconstruction in Chest Wall Tumors?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#What_Are_the_Postoperative_Recovery_Process_Pain_Management_and_Quality_of_Life_Like\" >What Are the Postoperative Recovery Process, Pain Management, and Quality of Life Like?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/treatments\/chest-wall-surgery\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Chest_Wall_Surgery\"><\/span>What Is Chest Wall Surgery?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chest Wall Surgery is a field of surgery that includes the surgical treatment of congenital anomalies, traumas, infections, and tumors involving the ribs, sternum, and surrounding soft tissues. The aim is to relieve pain, preserve respiratory function, and ensure structural integrity. Reconstruction techniques are applied when necessary. The treatment plan is determined according to the type and extent of the disease and the patient\u2019s general condition.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Anatomical_Structures_Does_Chest_Wall_Surgery_Cover_and_Why_Is_It_Vital_for_the_Body\"><\/span>Which Anatomical Structures Does Chest Wall Surgery Cover and Why Is It Vital for the Body?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To understand the chest wall, we must first realize that it is not just a &#8220;wall&#8221; but a living, moving mechanism. This structure consists of twelve pairs of ribs, the sternum that we know as the breastbone in the front, spinal connections in the back, and the strong muscle groups surrounding this entire bony framework that enable us to breathe. This marvel of engineering design has two fundamental and critical roles in our body:<\/p>\n<p>The first and most obvious is its function as a protective shield. The heart, lungs, and the major vessels entering and leaving these organs, which cannot tolerate even a second of interruption for the continuation of life, are protected against blows from the outside world thanks to this solid cage. The second is respiratory mechanics. Every time we inhale, the chest wall must expand and create a negative pressure inside, allowing the lungs to fill with air. In other words, the chest wall must be rigid and resistant enough to protect the organs, yet flexible and adaptable enough to allow breathing.<\/p>\n<p>Any disease or disorder occurring in this region affects the whole system through a chain reaction. Whether it is a congenital deformity, a tumor that develops later, or an injury caused by an accident; the problem is not only the curvature of the bone in that region. This may cause compression of the underlying lung, prevent the heart from working comfortably, and as a result reduce the person\u2019s exercise capacity. Therefore, chest wall surgery is not only the repair of the damaged part but also the art of restoring the physiological function and cosmetic integrity of the chest.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Common_Are_Chest_Wall_Deformities_in_Society_and_in_Which_Age_Group_Are_They_Seen\"><\/span>How Common Are Chest Wall Deformities in Society and in Which Age Group Are They Seen?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The prevalence of chest wall deformities in society is generally much higher than believed. Since many families see this condition as a &#8220;structural difference&#8221; and do not seek medical attention, the true numbers may sometimes remain hidden. However, large-scale community screenings and scientific studies conducted in Turkey provide us with quite clear data. In our country, the general frequency of chest wall deformities has been found to be around 1.6%. This rate points to a serious public health issue concerning thousands of people.<\/p>\n<p>Among these deformities, there are two main groups that we encounter most frequently. The first is Pectus Excavatum, known popularly as &#8220;Funnel Chest,&#8221; in which the breastbone is sunken inward. The second is Pectus Carinatum, called &#8220;Pigeon Chest,&#8221; in which the breastbone protrudes outward. While funnel chest is more common worldwide, some regional studies in our country have interestingly observed that the frequency of pigeon chest is almost equal to funnel chest, and sometimes even slightly higher.<\/p>\n<p>These deformities are usually present when the child is born, but they become most noticeable during adolescence, when the growth cartilages are most active. Statistics show that about half of the patients presenting to clinics are adolescents aged 15\u201316. This age group is not only the period when physical development peaks but also when body image, social acceptance, and psychological sensitivity are most intense. Therefore, for a 16-year-old adolescent, this condition is not just a bone curvature but a serious cause of social isolation.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Are_These_Deformities_Just_an_Aesthetic_Problem_or_Are_They_Associated_with_Systemic_Diseases\"><\/span>Are These Deformities Just an Aesthetic Problem or Are They Associated with Systemic Diseases?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The most common misconception we encounter in clinical practice is that pectus deformities are seen as merely a &#8220;cosmetic&#8221; defect. Families may sometimes think, &#8220;It does not show when wearing a shirt, so there is no problem.&#8221; However, the scientific literature and our years of experience prove that these deformities are more than an isolated bone problem and may be a harbinger of other issues related to the body\u2019s general connective tissue and skeletal system.<\/p>\n<p>Detailed screenings performed in individuals with pectus deformity reveal that a significant proportion of these patients have other accompanying pathologies. Especially connective tissue diseases and cardiac problems are seen much more frequently in these patients than in the normal population. Therefore, when evaluating a patient with a chest wall deformity, we as surgeons do not look only at the chest; we approach the patient as a whole.<\/p>\n<p>The systemic conditions that frequently accompany pectus deformities are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mitral Valve Prolapse<\/li>\n<li>Scoliosis<\/li>\n<li>Marfan Syndrome<\/li>\n<li>Aortic Root Dilatation<\/li>\n<li>Cardiac arrhythmias<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These high coexistence rates make a multidisciplinary approach mandatory in treatment planning. Before deciding on surgery or treatment, we require our patient to undergo a detailed cardiological examination (Echocardiography). Likewise, an orthopedic perspective is also necessary to evaluate the spinal structure. For example, a patient with Marfan syndrome is at risk of enlargement of the aortic vessel, and this is of vital importance. Therefore, it is the physician\u2019s responsibility not only to correct the deformity but also to identify and manage these underlying systemic risks.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Is_Funnel_Chest_Pectus_Excavatum_Diagnosed_and_What_Are_the_Surgical_Indications\"><\/span>How Is Funnel Chest (Pectus Excavatum) Diagnosed and What Are the Surgical Indications?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Funnel chest is characterized by the inward collapse of the sternum and some of the ribs attached to it toward the spine. Physical examination is usually sufficient to make the diagnosis, but we perform Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to understand the severity of the deformity and its effect on internal organs. Based on these images, we perform a measurement called the &#8220;Haller Index&#8221; and mathematically calculate how much the chest cavity is narrowed.<\/p>\n<p>However, this mathematical measurement is not the only criterion when deciding whether to recommend surgery to a patient. The human body and psychology form a whole. Even if the depression is not very deep in some patients, the symptoms it creates may make surgery necessary. Especially pressure on the right side of the heart or restriction of lung volume are factors affecting the patient\u2019s daily life.<\/p>\n<p>The main conditions requiring surgical intervention are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>High Haller Index<\/li>\n<li>Exertional dyspnea<\/li>\n<li>Palpitations<\/li>\n<li>Cardiac compression<\/li>\n<li>Psychosocial disorders<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A separate parenthesis should be opened for the item &#8220;psychosocial disorders.&#8221; Especially in adolescents and female patients, this deformity in the chest region may cause a profound loss of self-confidence. These adolescents avoid going to the sea, do not want to change clothes in public places, develop poor posture (trying to hide the chest by hunching), and may be dragged into depression. As physicians, our duty is to protect not only the body but also mental health. Therefore, psychological distress that impairs the patient\u2019s quality of life and isolates them from social life is a strong and valid reason for surgical correction even on its own.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1194578024 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -40px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1649638221 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n  padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1658313698\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-626721280\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-653493226\" class=\"col iletisim-sayfas\u0131-col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t<div class=\"is-border\"\n\t\tstyle=\"border-color:rgb(218, 61, 96);border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row align-middle\"  id=\"row-1336919273\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1633053733\" class=\"col medium-11 small-7 large-11\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t<div id=\"text-2845369286\" class=\"text hide-for-medium\">\n\t\t\r\n\r\n<p><strong>You can contact us via WhatsApp.<\/strong><br \/>To get information about treatments, simply click the button next to it. Our professional team will contact you immediately.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\t<div id=\"text-3000771895\" class=\"text show-for-small\">\n\t\t\r\n\r\n<p><strong>You can contact us via WhatsApp.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1633053733 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -30px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-170941302\" class=\"col medium-1 small-4 large-1\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner text-right\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_916806297\">\n\t\t<a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send\/?phone=905457705745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp.png 500w, https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp-400x400.png 400w, https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp-280x280.png 280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t\n<style>\n#image_916806297 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-170941302 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -15px 0px;\n}\n@media (min-width:550px) {\n  #col-170941302 > .col-inner {\n    margin: 0px 0px -15px 0px;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-653493226 > .col-inner {\n  padding: 15px 10px 0px 10px;\n  margin: 0px 0px -30px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1658313698 {\n  padding-top: 0px;\n  padding-bottom: 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1846848550\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-641389139\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-917225424\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Are_There_Non-Surgical_Treatment_Options_and_Who_Is_Vacuum_Therapy_Applied_To\"><\/span>Are There Non-Surgical Treatment Options and Who Is Vacuum Therapy Applied To?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>As in every field of medicine, our priority in thoracic surgery is to restore the patient\u2019s health with the least invasive method possible. With the development of technology, it has been understood that not every patient with pectus excavatum necessarily has to lie on the operating table. In suitable patients, conservative methods called &#8220;Vacuum Bell&#8221; or vacuum therapy can provide quite satisfactory results.<\/p>\n<p>This system basically works on the principle of a silicone cup that applies negative pressure to the sunken chest area. The cup is placed on the chest, the air inside is evacuated, and the sunken bony structure is pulled forward with the vacuum effect created. However, it is important to know that this method does not work for every patient. Certain prerequisites must be met for success.<\/p>\n<p>The factors determining the success of vacuum therapy are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Patient age<\/li>\n<li>Chest flexibility<\/li>\n<li>Duration of use<\/li>\n<li>Patient compliance<\/li>\n<li>Depth of the deformity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The best results are obtained in patients during childhood and early adolescence, when the skeletal structure has not yet hardened and the bones and cartilages are flexible. As age advances, the chest wall becomes rigid and the ability of the vacuum to lift the bone decreases. In addition, this treatment requires serious discipline. The patient must use the device regularly for months, at least 4 hours a day. Usually, the condition is reassessed after a 6-month trial period; if there is improvement, treatment continues, and if not, surgical options come to the fore.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Differences_Between_the_Nuss_Procedure_and_the_Ravitch_Technique_in_Surgical_Treatment\"><\/span>What Are the Differences Between the Nuss Procedure and the Ravitch Technique in Surgical Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When surgical intervention becomes inevitable, today we have two main proven weapons in our hands. Which method will be chosen is determined by the physician according to the patient\u2019s age, the type of deformity, and the rigidity of the bone structure.<\/p>\n<p>The first method is the Nuss procedure, which has become the &#8220;gold standard&#8221; in recent years and is a minimally invasive technique. We can liken this method to orthodontic braces; just as braces gradually straighten teeth, the Nuss procedure also corrects the chest wall. Without making any incision on the front surface of the chest, we work under camera guidance by entering through small holes on the sides. A titanium or steel bar, pre-bent according to the patient\u2019s chest structure, is placed under the sternum. This bar immediately corrects the sunken bone by pushing it from the inside outward. The bar usually remains in the body for 2\u20133 years, and during this period the chest adapts to its new shape (remodeling). When the period is over, the bar is removed and the chest preserves its correct shape.<\/p>\n<p>The second method is the more traditional Modified Ravitch technique. This is an open surgical method and is applied through an incision made on the front chest wall. The deformed, elongated, or misshapen cartilaginous ribs are removed, and the sternum is reshaped by osteotomy (bone cutting).<\/p>\n<p>The situations in which the Ravitch technique is preferred are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Older patients<\/li>\n<li>Rigid chest wall<\/li>\n<li>Asymmetric deformities<\/li>\n<li>Nuss failure<\/li>\n<li>Combined anomalies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Both surgeries are major operations and have their own risks. Complications such as pneumothorax (lung collapse), infection, or displacement of the bar may be seen, but in experienced hands these risks are quite low and manageable.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Which_Treatment_Method_Comes_to_the_Fore_in_the_Management_of_Pigeon_Chest_Pectus_Carinatum\"><\/span>Which Treatment Method Comes to the Fore in the Management of Pigeon Chest (Pectus Carinatum)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Pectus Carinatum, that is pigeon chest, is characterized by the protrusion of the sternum and ribs outward. This condition has a completely opposite mechanism compared to funnel chest. In the treatment of pectus carinatum, surgery is generally not the first option. In this disease, the principle of correction by applying external pressure (compression) is highly effective.<\/p>\n<p>In the treatment algorithm, brace systems that we call &#8220;Orthosis&#8221; or &#8220;Brace&#8221; play the leading role. These braces apply a calculated and controlled pressure to the protruding region and gradually allow the bone to return to its normal position. Just as in vacuum therapy, the most important factor here is the flexibility of the chest wall. In adolescent patients, since the chest is still in a shapeable state, it is possible to achieve complete correction without surgery through brace treatment. However, in very rigid chest structures or in cases where the brace is insufficient, surgical correction (usually techniques similar to Ravitch) is applied.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Do_Chest_Wall_Traumas_and_Flail_Chest_Carry_a_Vital_Risk\"><\/span>Why Do Chest Wall Traumas and Flail Chest Carry a Vital Risk?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trauma surgery is the most dynamic field of thoracic surgery, where seconds matter. One of the most dramatic pictures resulting from blunt traumas such as traffic accidents, falls from height, or occupational accidents is the condition called &#8220;Flail Chest.&#8221; This is not a simple rib fracture; it is a chaotic situation in which the chest wall completely loses its stability.<\/p>\n<p>Flail chest occurs when at least two or more consecutive ribs are fractured at least two different points. In this case, that fractured &#8220;floating&#8221; segment begins to move independently from the rest of the chest wall. When the patient tries to breathe, that broken piece in the chest area, which should normally expand, collapses inward due to the negative pressure. When exhaling, it bulges outward. We call this &#8220;paradoxical movement.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The problems created by this paradoxical movement are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Severe pain<\/li>\n<li>Respiratory failure<\/li>\n<li>Lung contusion<\/li>\n<li>Ineffective cough<\/li>\n<li>Secretion accumulation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This picture may make breathing impossible for the patient and can be fatal if not intervened urgently. In the past, these patients were treated by keeping them sedated and connected to a ventilator for weeks, but this approach brought with it pneumonia and intensive care complications.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-917225424 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -40px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1846848550 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n  padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_1243573029\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-2083999905\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1798030688\" class=\"col iletisim-sayfas\u0131-col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t<div class=\"is-border\"\n\t\tstyle=\"border-color:rgb(60, 51, 142);border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;\">\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row align-middle\"  id=\"row-168320506\">\r\n\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1242542796\" class=\"col medium-11 small-7 large-11\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t<div id=\"text-4229984555\" class=\"text hide-for-medium\">\n\t\t\r\n\r\n<p><strong>You can contact us via WhatsApp.<\/strong><br \/>To get information about treatments, simply click the button next to it. Our professional team will contact you immediately.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\t<div id=\"text-1681944514\" class=\"text show-for-small\">\n\t\t\r\n\r\n<p><strong>You can contact us via WhatsApp.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1242542796 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -30px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\n\t<div id=\"col-436959201\" class=\"col medium-1 small-4 large-1\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner text-right\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_300973446\">\n\t\t<a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send\/?phone=905457705745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp.png 500w, https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp-400x400.png 400w, https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/whatsapp-280x280.png 280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t\n<style>\n#image_300973446 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-436959201 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -15px 0px;\n}\n@media (min-width:550px) {\n  #col-436959201 > .col-inner {\n    margin: 0px 0px -15px 0px;\n  }\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1798030688 > .col-inner {\n  padding: 15px 10px 0px 10px;\n  margin: 0px 0px -30px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_1243573029 {\n  padding-top: 0px;\n  padding-bottom: 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<section class=\"section\" id=\"section_507411708\">\n\t\t<div class=\"section-bg fill\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\n\t\t<div class=\"section-content relative\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1670203703\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1540068389\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Has_Surgical_Stabilization_with_Titanium_Plates_Changed_in_Rib_Fractures\"><\/span>What Has Surgical Stabilization with Titanium Plates Changed in Rib Fractures?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In modern medicine, a revolutionary paradigm shift has occurred in the management of chest trauma in recent years. Instead of waiting for it to &#8220;heal on its own&#8221; or condemning the patient to a ventilator for a long time, early and aggressive surgical stabilization is now preferred in suitable patients. In this procedure, the fractured and fragmented ribs are anatomically restored and fixed using body-compatible titanium plates and screws (Rib Plating).<\/p>\n<p>The clinical gains that this surgical approach provides to patients are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pain elimination<\/li>\n<li>Respiratory mechanics<\/li>\n<li>Early mobilization<\/li>\n<li>Reduced infection<\/li>\n<li>Short hospital stay<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Especially in patients who also have bruising in the lung tissue (contusion) and respiratory distress, stabilizing the chest wall is life-saving. Since the friction of the fracture ends against each other is prevented, the patient feels dramatic relief immediately after surgery, can breathe deeply, and can cough effectively. This allows the sputum accumulated in the lungs to be cleared and eliminates the risk of pneumonia.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Principles_of_Resection_and_Reconstruction_in_Chest_Wall_Tumors\"><\/span>What Are the Principles of Resection and Reconstruction in Chest Wall Tumors?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chest wall tumors may originate from bony structures (sarcomas) or from soft tissue. Sometimes we also encounter breast or lung cancers spreading to the chest wall. Tumors such as desmoid tumors, which appear benign under the microscope but behave like cancer at their location and invade surrounding tissues, also fall into this group. Surgery for these tumors is a difficult two-stage process for the physician: first to clear the disease, then to repair the remaining gap.<\/p>\n<p>The basic rule in oncological surgery is to leave &#8220;clear margins.&#8221; In other words, when removing the tumor, we also take some surrounding healthy tissue as a safe margin (usually 4 cm in bone, 2\u20133 cm in soft tissue). However, an operation in which 3\u20134 ribs, part of the sternum, and the overlying muscles are removed leaves behind a large window (defect) where nothing remains to protect the heart and lungs. At this point, the surgeon\u2019s reconstructive ability comes into play.<\/p>\n<p>The materials used in repairing large chest wall defects are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Titanium mesh<\/li>\n<li>Polypropylene patch<\/li>\n<li>Methyl methacrylate (cement)<\/li>\n<li>Muscle flaps<\/li>\n<li>Skin grafts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This repair procedure is performed using a &#8220;sandwich&#8221; technique. At the bottom, a synthetic framework (titanium cages or bone cement) is placed to protect the lungs and provide rigidity to the chest wall. The top of this artificial skeleton must then be covered with living, vascularized tissue. For this purpose, tissues such as the patient\u2019s back muscle (Latissimus Dorsi) or chest muscle (Pectoralis Major) are transposed (flap rotation) to cover the area. The aim is not only to remove the tumor but to ensure that the patient can breathe normally after surgery and achieve a cosmetically acceptable appearance.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Postoperative_Recovery_Process_Pain_Management_and_Quality_of_Life_Like\"><\/span>What Are the Postoperative Recovery Process, Pain Management, and Quality of Life Like?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To be honest, chest wall surgery is one of the surgical fields where postoperative pain can be felt most intensely. Because, unlike other parts of the body, the chest cage never rests; even while the patient is sleeping, they continue to breathe, and the surgical area moves with every breath. Therefore, the most critical point in postoperative care is &#8220;Pain Management.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In our hospitals, we now use much more advanced methods beyond standard painkillers. Epidural catheters, paravertebral blocks, and the recently increasingly popular &#8220;cryoanalgesia&#8221; (temporary freezing of the nerves) techniques keep patient comfort at the highest level. A patient whose pain is effectively controlled can breathe deeply without fear, get up and walk early, and thus the healing process accelerates.<\/p>\n<p>When we look at the long-term results, we see that surgical success is not limited only to the smooth appearance on the X-ray film. A multidimensional improvement is achieved in the patient\u2019s quality of life. Physiologically, exercise capacity increases as the pressure on the heart is relieved; the patient does not get as breathless when climbing stairs. But perhaps the most striking effect is seen in the psychosocial field. Especially in adolescents undergoing pectus surgery, it is observed that they no longer hide the chest they have concealed for years, their shoulders become more upright, their self-confidence returns, and they participate much more actively in social life and sports.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span>Frequently Asked Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"accordion\">\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2222106717\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2222106717-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-in-the-treatment-of-which-diseases-is-chest-wall-surgery-applied?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2222106717-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>In the treatment of which diseases is chest wall surgery applied?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2222106717-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2222106717-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>It is applied in the treatment of many diseases such as post-traumatic rib fractures, chest wall tumors, congenital deformities (funnel chest and pigeon chest), infections, and tumor removal.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2218946309\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2218946309-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-can-chest-wall-tumors-be-benign-or-malignant?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2218946309-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>Can chest wall tumors be benign or malignant?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2218946309-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2218946309-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>They can be seen in both types. While benign tumors such as lipoma and fibroma can be surgically removed, malignant tumors such as sarcoma may require wide resection and reconstruction.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1565287757\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1565287757-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-are-respiratory-functions-affected-after-chest-wall-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1565287757-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>Are respiratory functions affected after chest wall surgery?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1565287757-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1565287757-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Depending on the extent of the surgery, temporary breathing difficulty may occur. In patients who undergo wide tissue removal, respiratory physiotherapy supports recovery.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1225157242\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1225157242-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-are-chest-wall-deformities-corrected-surgically?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1225157242-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>How are chest wall deformities corrected surgically?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1225157242-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1225157242-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Deformities are corrected using Nuss or Ravitch techniques. Metal bars or plates are placed to reshape the chest cage and provide symmetry.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1692660422\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1692660422-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-are-rib-fractures-treated-surgically-after-trauma?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1692660422-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>How are rib fractures treated surgically after trauma?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1692660422-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1692660422-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>In painful, displaced fractures or those causing collapse of the chest wall, fixation is performed with titanium plates and screws. This method improves breathing and accelerates healing.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1625297616\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1625297616-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-is-pain-managed-after-chest-wall-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1625297616-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>How is pain managed after chest wall surgery?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1625297616-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1625297616-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Effective pain control is achieved using epidural anesthesia, nerve blocks, and analgesics. This enables the patient to breathe and move more comfortably.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-1212689276\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-1212689276-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-do-chest-wall-infections-require-surgical-intervention?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-1212689276-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>Do chest wall infections require surgical intervention?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-1212689276-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-1212689276-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Yes. In serious infections such as empyema or osteomyelitis, surgical intervention may be necessary together with debridement of infected tissues, drainage, and antibiotic treatment.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-652768564\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-652768564-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-what-materials-are-used-in-chest-wall-repairs?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-652768564-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>What materials are used in chest wall repairs?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-652768564-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-652768564-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Titanium plates, synthetic patches, biological grafts, and special reconstructive materials are used. The choice of material varies according to the patient\u2019s condition and the type of surgery.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2632314182\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2632314182-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-when-can-physical-activity-be-resumed-after-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2632314182-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>When can physical activity be resumed after surgery?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2632314182-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2632314182-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Light exercise can generally be started after 4\u20136 weeks. The full recovery process may take several months depending on the extent of the surgery.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2829431515\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2829431515-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-what-are-the-cosmetic-results-like-after-chest-wall-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2829431515-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>What are the cosmetic results like after chest wall surgery?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2829431515-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2829431515-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>Aesthetic results are generally quite successful with the surgical correction of deformities. Especially in young patients, symmetry and appearance improve significantly.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-2733859763\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-2733859763-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-how-long-does-chest-wall-surgery-take?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-2733859763-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>How Long Does Chest Wall Surgery Take?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-2733859763-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-2733859763-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>The duration of chest wall surgery varies according to the type of procedure performed and the area intervened. Simple mass removal may take 1\u20132 hours, while tumor resections or reconstructions may extend to 3\u20136 hours. The hospital stay after surgery is generally 3\u20137 days, and full recovery may take several weeks.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"accordion-3287218997\" class=\"accordion-item\">\n\t\t<a id=\"accordion-3287218997-label\" class=\"accordion-title plain\" href=\"#accordion-item-which-department-or-doctor-should-be-consulted-for-chest-wall-surgery?\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-3287218997-content\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle\"><i class=\"icon-angle-down\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button>\n\t\t\t<span>Which Department or Doctor Should Be Consulted for Chest Wall Surgery?<\/span>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div id=\"accordion-3287218997-content\" class=\"accordion-inner\" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-3287218997-label\">\n\t\t\t\n<p>For conditions requiring chest wall surgery, the Thoracic Surgery department should be consulted directly.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#col-1540068389 > .col-inner {\n  margin: 0px 0px -40px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n<style>\n#section_507411708 {\n  padding-top: 30px;\n  padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"gap-704991651\" class=\"gap-element clearfix\" style=\"display:block; height:auto;\">\n\t\t\n<style>\n#gap-704991651 {\n  padding-top: 45px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1160,"parent":1086,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-blank.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1161","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1161","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1161"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1185,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1161\/revisions\/1185"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1086"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dralperfindikcioglu.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}